M4V → MKV

Kuyinto evamile kakhulu i-DRM. Ezinye M4V izithombe zibhalwe ngokufihlakele ku-bitstream level yisitolo noma isofthiwe eyenza, futhi isithombe esibhalwe ngokufihlakele asikwazi ukucinywa yithu noma yinoma yini ngaphandle kwesitshixo selayisense. Izithombe ongazirekhodile, ozenzayo noma ozibhumele ngaphandle azikhuselwanga ziguqulwa ngokuvamile; ukuthenga okusemthethweni akuzokwenza, futhi akukho oguqulelayo angaba nesiqiniseko sokuthi kungashintshwa. DRM-ikhuselwe M4V ukuthenga ngeke kushintshwe yinoma yini; kuphela M4V izithombe ezingakhuselwanga ziguqulwe, futhi abadlali Apple-ayikho njalo kufanele ubanzi kuthiwa.

Kungenzeka ukuthi ayisebenzi. M4V i-decoded yi-silicon ekhethekile kumafoni, ama-tablets nama-TV, ngakho-ke idlala ngaphandle kokucindezela ibhethri. MKV ngokuvamile ibuyela emuva ku-software decoding ku-hardware efanayo - u-CPU ophezulu, isisetshenziswa esipholile, namafreyimu akhuphuka ku-4K material. Uhlelo oluzosetshenziswa, M4V luyi-container ephephile yokuhlala kuyo. MKV ayikho ngaphezu kwe-hardware yendawo yosizo — amafoni, iziphequluli ne TVs ngokuvamile udinga VLC noma remux ngaphambi kokuba badlala.

Gcina noma yikuphi okuhambisana lapho ihele lihamba khona, ngoba akukho okungcono ku-abstract. Enye yalezi ezimbili ifakwe ukuhambisana kokudlala futhi enye igcinwa konke ohele angaba nalo, futhi zihweba ngazo zonke ngaleyo ngxenye. Umbuzo ofanele kakhulu wezindawo zokubhukuda eziningi ukufaka ingobo yomlando kwibhokisi eligcwele izici futhi uveze kulowo ohambisanayo uma kudingeka. I-M4V igcina izibonisi zesigaba, umsebenzi wobuciko kanye nezingcingo zesihloko esingezansi ngendlela i-Apple TV app elindele ngayo, okujwayelekile MP4 kuvame ukulahlekelwa. I-MKV iyindawo yokugcina ekhethiwe ngoba igcina imisindo engaphelelanga, izihloko ezilula, izihloko eziphawulekayo kanye nezithombe zobuso kwifayela elilodwa.

Yebo — wonke umculo ohambayo ku M4V (umbono womqondisi, izilimi ezihlukile, umculo ochazayo) ugcinwa ku MKV lapho isiqoqi esizosiza umsindo ohambayo oningi. MKV ne MOV ziphatha umculo ohambayo ongenasiphelo; MP4 isekela abaningi kodwa abanye abadlali behardware babona umculo 1 kuphela; WebM iphele ku-Opus / Vorbis umculo owodwa. I-MKV yi-Matroska, ibhokisi elivulekile elihlolwe ngo-2002 ngaphandle kokwenqaba kwelayisense futhi akukho phezulu okwazi ukuwugcina.

Izihloko ezincane ezilula (izihloko ezikhethiwe) zihlala lapho MKV zingazithwala: MKV igcina i-SRT, ASS, SSA, PGS, VobSub ngokusemthethweni; MP4 igcina kuphela i-mov_text (ifomethi ephukile). Ukushintsha MKV nge-ASS styled subs ku-MP4 kuzozikhuphula zibe yi-mov_text noma zizicwebezele. Izihloko ezinzima (zicwebezelelwe kwividiyo) zithwale ngaphandle kokungabaza.

Isigaba se-metadata sidlulisa phakathi kuka M4V no MKV lapho izihlungi zombili zixhasa isiqephu se-atomi (MKV, MP4, MOV). I-WebM igcina iziqephu kwi-Matroska-compatible block, ngakho-ke i-MKV <-> isigaba se-WebM sihamba ngokuhlanzekile. I-AVI ayinasiqephu esicacisiwe, ngakho-ke ukushintsha i-AVI ibe yi-MKV kwenza ifayela elingahlukanisiwe ngaphandle kokuthi uhlanganise iziphawuli ngesandla.

MKV yindawo yokugcina eyinhloko kuphela egcina amafayela axhunywe ngokuzenzakalela (izifomethi ze-TTF ze-ASS subs, isithombe sokuzivikela se-JPG, izingeniso ze-PDF eziguqulwe nge-fan). Ukusuka ku-M4V kuya ku-MKV ushiya lezi zifomethi lapho i-MKV ingakho MKV — ama-streams aphansi aguqulwa, kodwa umthwalo oxhunywe uhlala emsuka. Gcina i-M4V njenge-backup uma uhlala ubheke izifomethi ezixhunywe.

I-codec ejwayelekile ikhethiwe ukufana ne MKV isitoreji ngokuzithandela: MKV ikhetha i-H.265 (HEVC) ukucindezela okuhle; MP4 ikhetha i-H.264 ukuxhasa isisetshenziswa esibanzi; WebM ikhetha i-VP9; AVI isebenzisa i-MPEG-4 ASP (DivX/Xvid lineage). Nciphisa nge-codec ethuthukisiwe engezansi — AV1 itholakala ku-MKV / WebM lapho ufuna khona ukucindezela okuphezulu futhi ungalindela ukucindezela.

I-HDR metadata ehlala njalo (i-HDR10 mastering display values, max content light level) ihamba phambili ku-MKV uma izihlungi zombili ne-codec ekhethiwe ziyixhasa (HEVC, AV1 ku-MKV / MP4). I-Dolby Vision inamandla kakhulu — i-DV profile 5 / 7 / 8.1 ku-M4V ihlala kuphela ku-MKV nge-HEVC; ukushintsha ku-MKV isihlungi esingathwala i-DV layer ihamba phambili ku-HDR10.

MKV ne WebM zirekhoda ama-timestamps we-frame ngayinye futhi ziphatha i-VFR ngokusemthethweni, ngakho-ke i-M4V VFR ihlala i MKV yalezi fomu ngaphandle kokuphindeka kokuhlolwa. I-MP4 igcina ama-timestamps futhi kodwa abanye abadlali bakholelwa ukuthi i-CFR; umguquli ubonisa "u forza CFR" ukushintsha okuphinda ukuhlolwa kwe-VFR M4V kuya ku-24 / 30 / 60 fps MKV ngezinhloso ezinomthelela.

I-remux ye-codec efanayo ikhiqiza ubukhulu obufana kakhulu (i-container overhead ihluka ngo-0.1-2%). Ushintsho lwe-codec lungashintsha ubukhulu ngo-50% noma ngaphezulu: H.264 kuya ku-H.265 ngokuvamile kushiya ihele ngaphesheya ngekhwalithi efanayo yokubuka; H.264 kuya ku-AV1 kushiya ihele ngaphesheya futhi ngesinqumo esihamba kancane. Ukusuka ku-high-bitrate M4V (Blu-ray rip) kuya ku-low-bitrate MKV (ukufaka iwebhu) kuyisizathu esivame kakhulu sokulahlekelwa okuningi.